Results published in Orthopedics showed hyperbaric oxygen may safely manage and be a potentially useful adjunctive intervention for chronic osteomyelitis of various etiologies.

In a systematic literature review, researchers identified 96 studies that reported on the use of hyperbaric oxygen. Of these, 45 studies with 460 patients with chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed qualitatively. The collected studies included 14 retrospective and six prospective cohort studies, 20 case reports and five animal studies published between 1971 and 2017.