1. Which of the following is true of atrial fibrillation?

2. What affect would severe mitral valve stenosis have on the S1 heart sound?

3. Which of the following does NOT mimic the murmur and/or hemodynamics of mitral valve stenosis?

4. Which of the following is the most common cause of mitral valve stenosis?

5. Which of the following is NOT an indication for mitral balloon valvotomy?

6. Which of the following pressure gradients across the mitral valve would indicate moderate mitral valve stenosis?

7. How do the heart sounds and murmur of mild mitral stenosis differ from that of severe mitral stenosis?

8. What is Lutembacher’s syndrome?

9. Which of the following valve areas would be considered moderate mitral valve stenosis?

10. Which of the following is NOT well described symptom of severe mitral stenosis?

11. Which of the following is NOT related to mitral valve stenosis?

12. Which of the following valves would have a Wilkin’s score in the range safe to perform percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy?