1. Which of the following is a functional cause of mitral regurgitation?

2. Which is the following is NOT an indication for mitral valve repair or replacement?

3. Which of these can increase the intensity of the murmur of mitral valve regurgitation?

4. How can the murmur of mitral valve regurgitation be distinguished from the Galliveridin phenomenon?

5. Which of the following is most likely to cause acute severe mitral valve regurgitation from papillary muscle rupture?

6. Which of the following is the cause of mitral regurgitation in the setting of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?

7. Which of the following has been shown to delay the need for mitral valve repair or replacement in the setting of severe mitral regurgitation?

8. Which of the following is effective as a bridge to mitral valve repair or replacement in the setting of acute severe mitral valve regurgitation?

9. Which of the following right heart catheterization findings would be consistent with papillary muscle rupture causing severe mitral valve…

10. Which of the following is considered organic mitral regurgitation?

11. What is the Alfieri stitch?