Chapter 16: Nutrition And Diabetes Mellitus (continued)
Daniel L. Hurley, MD; M. Molly McMahon, MD; Michelle Papaconstandinou
Hyperglycemia occurs commonly in the hospital setting. Diabetes mellitus is caused by either an absolute (type 1 diabetes; previously called insulin-dependent diabetes) or a relative (type 2 diabetes; previously called non-insulin-dependent diabetes) lack of insulin. Type 1 diabetes is associated with earlier age of onset, potential for ketoacidosis, and absolute dependency on insulin for glucose control. Type 2 diabetes, by far the more common type, is associated with adult onset, abdominal adiposity, peripheral tissue insulin resistance, and larger insulin requirements for glucose control…